SSI vs. SSDI — What's the Difference?
SSI is need-based and requires limited income and assets regardless of work history. SSDI is based on your Social Security work record and pays benefits proportional to your past earnings.
SSI (Supplemental Security Income)
Monthly payments for low-income disabled adults and seniors.
View program →SSDI (Social Security Disability)
Monthly benefits for people with disabilities who have work history.
View program →Can you receive both? Yes.
If you have limited work history and qualify for both programs, you can receive both simultaneously — called "concurrent benefits." The SSDI payment usually reduces the SSI amount, but receiving both can be higher than either alone.
Which should you apply for?
If you have a significant work history, SSDI typically pays more because it is based on your lifetime earnings. If you have little or no work history or your SSDI benefit would be very low, SSI may be your primary option — or you may qualify for both. Apply for both programs at the same time through SSA; they will determine which you qualify for.
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I apply for SSI or SSDI?
Apply through the Social Security Administration at ssa.gov/disability or call 1-800-772-1213. You can apply online for SSDI; SSI applications must be completed with SSA staff by phone or in person. Apply for both programs at the same time — SSA will evaluate eligibility for each independently.
How long does the application process take?
The initial decision typically takes 3-6 months. If denied and you request reconsideration, add another 3-6 months. A hearing before an Administrative Law Judge adds another 12-18 months in most states. Apply as early as possible — benefits are not retroactive past the application date (SSDI has a 5-month waiting period, SSI starts the month after approval).
What if I am denied?
Appeal within 60 days of the denial notice. Do not restart your application — that loses your original filing date and any potential back pay. Two-thirds of initial applications are denied, but many are approved on appeal, especially at the Administrative Law Judge hearing stage. Disability attorneys work on contingency with no upfront cost.