Section 8 vs. Public Housing — What's the Difference?
Section 8 vouchers let you rent any private-market unit where the landlord agrees to participate. Public housing places you in buildings owned and managed by a local housing authority.
Section 8 / Housing Choice Voucher
Federal rental assistance vouchers for low-income families.
View program →Public Housing
Affordable rental units owned and managed by local housing authorities.
View program →Can you receive both? Yes.
You cannot use both simultaneously, but you should apply to both programs (and project-based vouchers) at the same time. Whichever comes through first is what you use. There is no penalty for being on multiple waitlists.
Which should you apply for?
Apply to every housing assistance waitlist available in your area simultaneously — including Section 8, public housing, and project-based vouchers (which are attached to specific buildings and sometimes have shorter waits). If you value flexibility in choosing where to live or want to be able to relocate, Section 8 is preferable. Public housing units in specific developments can sometimes have shorter waits and may suit households with more fixed location needs.
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I apply for Section 8?
Apply through your local Public Housing Authority when their waitlist is open. Find your PHA at hud.gov/find-a-PHA. Waitlists open and close — check regularly. You can apply to multiple PHAs simultaneously. When your name reaches the top of the waitlist, you will be called for an eligibility appointment.
Can I use Section 8 to move to a different city?
Yes, after living in your initial jurisdiction for at least 12 months, you can "port" your voucher to another jurisdiction. The receiving PHA must administer the voucher. Portability allows you to move for a job, to be closer to family, or to access more affordable rental markets.
What is a project-based voucher?
Project-based vouchers (PBVs) are tied to specific units in specific buildings, rather than following the tenant. The subsidy stays with the unit if you move. PBVs often have shorter wait times than tenant-based Section 8 because demand is spread across many buildings. Apply for PBVs directly through the housing developments that offer them, in addition to applying for tenant-based Section 8.